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Pierre Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir was born on February 25th
1841 in Limoges France. He died at the age of seventy eight, after a prolific
life as an artist on December 3rd 1919. Renoir was among those
artists who led the way for the development of Impressionism. He revered
femininity, beauty and sensuality in a traditional sense. Born into a working
class family Renoir began working in a Porcelain factory as a boy. Renoir’s
talents were first recognized here and subsequently he was selected to paint
designs on the chinaware produced.
As a boy working in the Porcelain factory Renoir
would visit the famous Louvre to study the masterworks of French artists on
display there. Along with Sisley, Renoir began to study at the studios of Marc
Charles Gabriel Glevre in 1962: Who had been running the studios since he took
over from Paul Delaroche in 1843. Renoir was not as affluent as Alfred Sisley
and according to urban legend there were times he could not afford to buy
paint: That is, in the early days.
At the Glevre studios Renoir met Monet and Bazille: They, along with
Sisley and Renoir would be among the first artists to experiment and
investigate the transient effect of light when painting en plein air. Painting
outside was a bold and innovative artistic statement at the time. The bold
brushwork and colors that later transcended to become what is known as the
Impressionist style was highly innovative: However, this was not a style people
were accustomed to.
Because it was such a very different approach, the Paris Salon
consistently rejected the groups work at first. Even so, Renoir did begin
exhibiting some works at the Salon from 1864 – Several of Sisley’s oil
paintings were also exhibited in 1868: However, neither would receive any
critical acclaim or gain financially from those exhibitions. Recognition for
Renoir would not come until after the Franco-Prussian war ended: Sisley died in
virtual poverty.
In 1864 Renoir befriended Jules le Coeur and his family who would invite
him to stay at their property near the forest of Fontainebleau: This
association would be beneficial to Renoir for the next ten years – When the
friendship ended Renoir not only lost that valuable support Renoir also lost
his favorite painting location. Thus, from then on, there would be a distinct
change of subject matter within his paintings. Renoir’s work was noted for its
vibrancy, light and color. He loved to capture candid intimacy – The female
nude being one of Renoir’s most favored subjects.
The first independent Impressionist exhibition was finally held in 1874:
From which Renoir received his first true taste of artistic acclaim. In the same year he exhibited two oil
paintings at the Durand-Ruelgallery
in London. Paul Durand-Ruelwas a modern French art dealer - Among the first to
support his painters by providing them with a chance to display their work
individually with solo exhibitions. He was also among the first dealers to
embrace the work of the Impressionists.
Some years later, in
1881 Renoir travelled across Europe to see some of the finest artworks ever
created. He travelled to Algeria to experience the country which had inspired
the French Romantic painter Ferdinand
Victor Eugène Delacroix: To Madrid to see the Baroque portraits of Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez: To
Florence for Titian and Rome for Raphael – Renoir also met the legendary
composer Wagner in Sicily: Completing his portrait in around thirty-five
minutes. After convalescing in Algeria because of pneumonia he spent the summer
of 1883 on the English Isle of Guernsey where he produced fifteen oil paintings
of which most featured the bay of Moulin Huet.
After traveling Renoir settled down to work in
Montmartre. Here, over a period of two years Renoir created The Bathers (1885-1887)
– A somewhat popular subject during this period: George Seurat produced The
Bathers at Asniered two years earlier: Gauguin, another in 1898: Paul Cézanne
actually created several which includedLes Grandes Baigneuses; exhibited for the first time in 1906.
After The Bathers Renoir’s acclaim picked up
momentum. In 1887 Phillip Richbourg, an associate of Queen Victoria, requested
Renoir donate several of his works to a catalogue of French Impressionist
Paintings. Renoir married Aline Charigot who was his model for The Boating
Party Luncheon in 1881 - Les Déjeuner des
canotiers.
They already had a child but it was not until after they were married that his
wife and scenes of family life would enter his work.
Undoubtedly, Renoir
was a productive artist producing several thousand paintings during his working
life. His sensitivity and skill rendering him one of the most recognized and
reproduced artists of the twentieth century.
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