Paul Cezanne BiographyPaul
Cezanne was born on the 19th of January 1839 in the small town of
Aixe-en-Provence in Provence, France. Cezanne's father was a banker so
the family lived a very privileged existence which allowed the young
Cezanne to follow his passion for art.
From
the age of ten he was educated at the Saint Joseph School where he
studied and was taught drawing and oil painting under the tutelage of a
Spanish monk, Joseph Gibert. At the age of thirteen Cezanne boarded at
the college Bourbon where he met Baptistin Baille and Emile Zola. The
three became good friends and eventually became known as the 'les trios'
inseparables'. Cezanne remained at the college Bourbon for six years
although in the latter two he was a day pupil.
Cezanne's
father had great ambitions for his son to enter the profession of law
and between 1859 and 1861 the young Cezanne attended the law University
of Aix. But Paul Cezanne's heart was elsewhere and he later went against
his father's wishes, encouraged by Zola and chose instead to follow his
dream of pursuing his artistic development. In 1861 he left for Paris.
His father eventually supported Cezanne in his chosen career.
Cezanne
was a devout Roman Catholic and once said that, 'When I judge art, I
take my painting and put it next to a God-made object like a tree or
flower. If it clashes, it is not art'. Cezanne was prone to depression
and often came across as rude, angry and shy which was sometimes
reflected in his works with the use of dark colors and characters.
It
was in Paris that Cezanne met Camille Pissarro, the impressionist
painter. Initially this relationship was one of master and pupil but
over the next decade their collaborative work was as equals. Cezanne's
early work was concerned with figures in landscapes painted
imaginatively but later he became interested in direct observation. He
developed a light airy style of painting that influenced the
impressionist greatly.
In
1863 Cezanne's oil paintings were exhibited in the Salon Des Refuses
although the works were not accepted by the official jury of the Salon.
But in the years 1864 to 1869 the Salon rejected his works and although
Cezanne continued to submit his works to the Salon until 1882 his works
were always rejected. However, in 1882, fellow artist Antoine Guillemet
intervened and arranged for Cezanne to exhibit his portrait of his
father, Louis-August Cezanne. This was Cezanne's first and only
successful submission to the Salon Des Refuses.
In
1874 and 1877 Cezanne exhibited his oil paintings at the first and
third Impressionist Exhibitions, respectively. But it wasn't until
Ambrose Vollard, the Parisian art dealer, gave Cezanne the break he
needed that Cezanne had his first solo exhibition. Unlike many other
artists Cezanne was proficient in many genres including landscapes,
portraits and still life. For his portraits he used that which was
familiar inasmuch as his subjects were local peasants, his art dealer,
his own wife and son.
Cezanne died of Pneumonia in October 1906 and is buried in his beloved hometown of Aix-en-Provence.
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